Types of Nested Classes in Java

In Java, it is possible to define a class within another class. These such classes are known as the nested classes. They enable you to logically group classes that are only used in one place. Thus, this increases the use of encapsulation and creates a more readable and maintainable code.

• The scope of a nested class is bounded by the scope of its enclosing class. Thus, in the above example, the class NestedClass does not exist independently from the class  OuterClass.
• A nested class has access to the members, including private members, of the class in which it is nested. However, the reverse is not true, i.e. the enclosing class does not have access to the members of the nested class.
• A nested class is also a member of its enclosing class.
• As a member of its enclosing class, a nested class can be declared private, public, protected, or package private (default).
• Nested classes are divided into two categories:
  1.  static nested class: Nested classes that are declared static are called static nested classes.
  2.  inner class: An inner class is a non-static nested class.

Syntax

class OuterClass
{
...
    class NestedClass
    {
        ...
    }
}

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