When talking to IT managers and Enterprise Architects on the subject of Microservices I sometimes get asked what the difference is between Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) or Microservices Architecture (MSA), and which is better. Both architectures are similar in the sense that they concern the development of systems through (published) services, so the question is not unfair. Another way the question may surface is: “If I have a Service Oriented Architecture and make my service is small, does that mean I am doing both SOA and MSA?” In this post, we’ll discuss the business problems they try to solve, and from that show the –sometimes fundamental– differences in their impact on the organization.
SOA and the Reuse of Services
When the concept of a Service Oriented Architecture was launched, the idea was that if you build a service that provides a common function, it would be a waste to keep it from others in the organization. The underlying premise is that writing software is expensive, and multiple implementations allow for different interpretations of what actual services should be provided. By making your services available to the entire organisation you get a single source of truth, and nobody needs to re-invent the wheel. As such, SOA is more about responsibilities and where they lie in the organization, rather than things like application size and the technologies used. Also, the cost aspect tends to be stressed as an advantage of SOA, even though it may lead to limited development flexibility due to the need to (potentially) conform to another department’s choices.
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